Web Survey Bibliography
Statistics producers are increasingly using the web as a mode of data collection. At Statistics Sweden, the web is in self-administered social surveys increasingly offered as an alternative to ordinary mail questionnaires. The motives to offer the web alternative lie in quality and financial considerations such as automated online editing, reduced mailing costs and less scanning work.
Nevertheless, the use of the web as a response mode has been disappointingly low: usually, between 10 and 15 percent of the respondents are using it. A preliminary study of ours indicated that the respondents, when offered to participate in a self-administered survey, are inclined to select the mode that is immediately at hand when the request for participation arrives.
In an attempt to increase the proportion of web respondents, we conducted a large-scale experiment where we varied the delay of providing the paper version of the questionnaire to the respondents. In the standard approach, both the paper questionnaire and the login data for the web survey were included in the first mail-out. In the experiment groups (A1 to A4), the time delay of presenting the paper questionnaire to the respondents was varied, from no delay in A1, to three weeks after the initial mail-out in A4.
The results show that the standard approach had a proportion of web respondents of 14.5%. The proportion of web respondents in the experiment groups varied from 2.6% in A1, over 45.0% and 44.6% in A2 and A3 respectively, and up to 64.7% in A4, thus showing potential for considerable raise of proportion of web respondents.
The alternative approaches seem to have had a minor disturbing effect on the over-all response rates: the standard approach had a 75.7% response while the four experimental groups had 74.8%, 71.4%, 72.0% and 73.3% respectively in A1-A4. (Only two of the differences are statistically significant: S-A2 and S-A3.)
Calculations show that the alternatives A2-A4 could lead to a cost reduction of between 12% and 20% compared to the cost of the standard strategy.
General online research (GOR) 2008 (abstract)
Web survey bibliography - Conference proceedings (83)
- Estimation and Adjustment of Self-Selection Bias in Volunteer Panel Web Surveys ; 2016; Niu, Ch.
- Shorter Interviews, Longer Surveys: Optimising the survey participant experience whilst accommodating...; 2016; Halder, A.; Bansal, H. S.; Knowles, R.; Eldridge, J.; Murray, Mi.
- Gamifying. Not all fun and games; 2016; Stubington, P.; Crichton, C.
- Are interviews costing £0.08 a waste of money? Reviewing Google Surveys for Wisdom of the Crowd...; 2016; Roughton, G.; MacKay, I.
- Observations from Twelve Years of an Annual Market Research Technology Survey; 2016; Macer, T.; Wilson, S.
- A Comparison of the Effects of Face-to-Face and Online Deliberation on Young Students’ Attitudes...; 2015; Triantafillidou, A.; Yannas, P.; Lappas, G.; Kleftodimos, A.
- A Privacy-Friendly Method to Reward Participants of Online-Surveys; 2015; Herfert, M.; Lange, B.; Selzer, A.; Waldmann, U.
- Designing Bonsai Surveys: The small but perfectly formed survey experience to meet the needs of the...; 2015; Puleston, J.
- Is accuracy only for probability samples? Comparing probability and non-probability samples in a country...; 2013; Martinsson, J., Dahlberg, S., Lundmark, S.
- The effect of language in answering qualitative questions in user experience evaluation web-surveys; 2013; Walsh, T., Nurkka, P., Petrie, H., Olson, J.
- Beyond Satisfaction Questionnaires: “Hacking” the Online Survey; 2013; Evans, A. L.
- Advancing the field of questionnaire translation - identifying problems, discussing methods, pushing...; 2013; Behr, D., Dorer, B., Van Houten, G
- European Values Study - methodological and substantive applications; 2013; Luijkx, R., Jagodzinski, W.
- The Impact of Culture and Economy on Values and Attitudes; 2013; Duelmer, H., Voicu, M.
- Educational attainment in cross-national surveys: instrument design, data collection, harmonisation...; 2013; Schneider, S.
- Mode Effects in Mixed-Mode Surveys: Prevention, Diagnostics, and Adjustment 1; 2013; de Leeuw, E. D., Dillman, D. A., Schouten, B.
- The smart(phone) way to collect survey data; 2013; Stapleton, C.
- Unintentional mobile respondents; 2012; Peterson, G.
- Metering mobile usage. Insights from global Arbitron mobile trends panel; 2012; Verkasalo, H.
- Is „chapterisation“ a viable alternative to traditional progress indicators ?; 2012; Spicer, R., Dowling, Z.
- Self-administered mobile surveys; 2011; Bosnjak, M.
- Online survey research: Findings, Best practices, and future research; 2011
- Blend, balance, and stabilize respondent sources; 2011; Eggers, M., Drake, E.
- Mode Effect or Question Wording? Measurement Error in Mixed Mode Surveys; 2011; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Scherpenzeel, A.
- There is an app for that! A review of smartphone apps for marketing research; 2010; Michelson, M.
- The state of online research in the U.S.; 2010; Miller, J.
- A framework for understanding and applying ethical principles in network and security research; 2010; Kenneally, E., Bailey, M., Maughan, D.
- Restructuring and innovations on the survey “capacity of collective tourist accommodation”...; 2010; Santoro, M. T., Staffieri, S.
- An Analyze of the Zero Price Effect on Online Business Performance - An Research Based on the Mobile...; 2010; Liu, Y., Yuan, P.
- Dealing with Nonresponse in Survey Sampling: an Item Response Modeling Approach; 2010; Matei, A.
- Response format effects on measurement of employment; 2009; Thomas, R. K., Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D.
- Response Mode and Bias Analysis in the IRS’ Individual Taxpayer Burden Survey; 2009; Brick, J. M., Contos, G., Masken, K., Nord, R.
- Survey Mode Effects in Two Military Surveys; 2009; Yang, M., Falcone, A. E., Milan, L. M.
- Web based macroseismic survey: fast information exchange and elaboration of seismic intensity effects...; 2009; De Rubeis, V., Sbarra P., Sorrentino, D., Tosi, P.
- The representativeness of the LISS panel ; 2009; Knoef, M., de Vos, K.
- Sample factors that influence data quality; 2008; Gailey, R., Teal, D., Haechrel, E.
- An online panel as a platform for multi-disciplinary research; 2008; Scherpenzeel, A.
- Visual Design Effects on on Respondents Behaviour in Web-Surveys. A Design Experiment; 2008; Greinoecker, A.
- Effects of Privacy Assurances on the Online Measurement of Psychological Constructs; 2008; Witzki, A., Kramer, J.
- How Web 2.0 Technologies Can Become a Valuable Part of Online Research; 2008; Jaron, R.
- Respondent Authenticity - A biometrical approach to authenticate panelists; 2008; Wachter, B., Bender, C.
- Not Mixed-Mode but Switch-Mode; 2008; Höglinger, M., Abraham, M., Arpagaus, J.
- The Impact of Cognitive and Computer Skills on Data Quality in Computer Assisted Self Administered Questionnaires...; 2008; Brecko, B. N., Vehovar, V.
- Optimal Contact Strategy in a Mail-and-Web Mixed Mode Survey; 2008; Holmberg, A., Lorenc, B., Werner, P.
- 10 Years of Meinungsplatz.de: Success in the Collection of Data for Targeted Audiences, Such as the...; 2008; Weyergraf, O.
- Self-selection in Online Access Panels: No “Little Difference” in the Recruiting Process...; 2008; Wirth, T.
- Mobile Market Research; 2008; Maxl, E.
- Online vs. Offline in Mobile Surveys; 2008; Neubarth, W., Maier, U.
- Gender-of-Interviewer Effects in Video-Enhanced Web Surveys. Results from a Randomized Field-Experiment...; 2008; Fuchs, M.
- The Online Use of Randomized Response Measurements; 2008; Snijders, C., Weesie, J.